Speed-changing mechanism.



F. A. LAW.

SPEED CHANGING MEOHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED EEB. 5, 1902. RENEWED JULY 8, 1907.

1,010,273.. Patented N0v.28,1911.

SHEETS-SHEET l.

P. A. LAW.

SPEED CHANGING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 5, 1902. RENEWED JULY 9. 1907.

Patented Nov. 28, 1911.

4 SEEETS-SHEET 2.

was A 1 G A H/MSW F. A. LAW.

SPEED CHANGING MECHANISM.

' APPLICATION FILED EEE.5, 1902. RENEWED JULY 3. 1907.

1,010,273 Patented Nov. 28, 1911.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

F. A. LAW.

SPEED CHANGING MECHANISM.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 5, 1902. RENEWED JULY 8, 1907.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Wtncssas: Inventor:

1,010,273, Patented Nov. 28, 1911.

. Hartford, Connecticut,

"UNI ED "STATES AT N orrron FRED A. LAW, HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT,

CAR COMPANY, OF

SPEED-CHANGING MECHAhTISM Specification of Letters Patent.

AssIGNon, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T O

- I Patented Nov. 28, 1911.

Application filed ebruary 5, 1902, Serial No. 92,677. Renewed Jilly}, 1907. Serial No. 382,721.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knownthat I, FRED A. LAW, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Hart-ford, county of Hartford, and State of Connecticut, whose post-ofiice address is tain new and useful- Improvements in w speedchanging .Mechanism, of which the to provide means vide a mechanism following, taken in connection with -the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

The invention relates to a mechanism for changing the relative speed bet-ween two shafts, and more particularly to a mechanism of this class in:which a plurality of speeds may be secured upon a driven shaft from a driving shaft by the-interposition of gearing, the pos tion of which may be so varied as to give an independent speed for each particular position of the gears;

As shown in the accompanying drawings,

the mechanism is designed particularly for use upon a self-propelled vehicle,

being so arranged and so inclosed in a casing that the entire mechanism is self-contained and is supported in an approved manner to give the desired flexibility, at the same time maintaining a certain' and proper mesh between the several gears; it is of course understood that the particular form shown and described is-only one of many methods which may be used in carrying out my invention.

The objects ofthe invention-are to prowhich the severalgears or sets of gears may be moved to their several positions to secure the desired variations of speed between the driving and driven shafts; to provide a means for shifting said gears to secure the various speeds by the use of a single controlling lever; to provide a means for reversing ing in of thegears to give any single speed;

handle against a movement .to'throw in the reversing gear, except under predetermined conditions, and, to provide an interlock intermediate of the speed changing lever and a clutch to insure the disengagement of the have invented oer-- the parts.

detai view in plan,

but

of the "class specifiedin 4 been arranged, to

for locking the controlling clutch at the moment of engagement of any of the sets of gears; to provide-an interlock for all the parts of the mechanism exceptthose which are in use, and to provide a meanswhereby in one position of the parts, power may be transmitted directly from the source of power to' the driven shaft.

Referring to the draw1ngs;-Figure 1 is r a view in side elevation of, an inclosing casing and controlling mechanism. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the gear changing mechanism, the upper half of the casingbeing removed. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the reversing mechanism parts. Fig. 4 is a detail View of the change lever interlocking parts. Fig. 5 is a detail view of a modifiedform of clutch and change gear interlock. Fig. 6 is a detail view in side elevation of the controlling mechanism appurtenant to the controlling handle, showing the interlock. Fig. 7 is a view of the parts shown in Fig. 6-looking .fromthe right of said figure. Fig. 8 is a elevation and end view of the locking bolt shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 9

HARTFORD,- conivncricu'r, A coaroaaand appurten antis a plan view-of the mechanism similar to that shown in Fig. '2 showing a-slightly modified form for securing a direct drive between the source of power and driven shaft. e v

\ The devicehereinafter described, belongs to the generalclass of change speed gearsknown in the vehicle art as a sliding gear change speed mechanism, andin all devices so far as known, the main driving shaft of the. change speed mechanism has been coupled by means of the fly-wheel B to a motor or plurality of, motors A, diagrammatically shown in Fig. 9 and has carried a series. of gears and pinions arranged to mesh with gears or pinions upon .acountershaft or gear carriage which counter-shaft has drive 1 through suitable gezltring, a transverse driven shaft or a rear ax e.

effecting the v several changes of speed, are

shaft of the changespeed mechanism which- In the device herein shown and described,

is practicallya continuation of thefmotor shaft, andis providedfwitli rneans for, eonnew necting itdirectly with the motor shaft, and

forms the gear carriage, while the countershaft has mounted upon it, a set of gears adapted to mesh with the slid ing gears of the main shaft. The parts are so arranged, that when no reduction of movement is required of the change speed mechanism, a direct drive will be effected from the motor shaft, through the main shaft of the change speed mechanism to the transverse shaft, and when the parts are in this position it is possible to secure a direct. drive without the rotation of the intermediate gears carried upon the counter-shaft.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 denotes a frame work of the vehicle upon which is supported acasing 2. This casing is provided at or near one end with bearings 3, 4, for thetransverse or driven shaft 5, which in the present instance is a divided shaft, bearing a balance gear 6 of ordinary construction-provided with a bevel gear 7 adapted to be driven by a bevel pinion 8 secured to the main driving shaft 9 of the speed changing mechanism.

The casing 2 is a sectional casing so ,arranged that parts may be removed to give easy access to the interior without disturbing any of the bearings or parts of the mechanism, and this casing has two points of support at one end and is supported at the opposite end at a single point concentric with the main driving shaft and in a ball or socket bearing 10 which gives the desired amount of flexibility to the parts without causing undue strains.

Parallel'with the main shaft 9, and arranged in suitable bearings in the casing, is a counter shaft 11 which has keyed to it a series of gears and pinions adapted to mesh with the sliding gears and pinions upon the main shaft. The shaft 9 is axially alined with the motor shaft 12, and in fact telescopes with the engine shaft 12 and has a bearing in it. The shaft 12 bears at its end which projects within the casing, a pinion 13, which meshes with a gear 14, upon the counter-shaft 1 1, and drives the latter,

at a speed relatively less than that of the engine'shaft. Secured to the shaft 11 are three other gears, 15, 16, and '17,the two latter gears being formed integral. Upon the shaft 9 are arranged gears, 18, 19, 20,

' the two former formed integral and adapted to be thrown into mesh either with the gear 15 or the gear 16 of the counter-shaft, while the gear 20 is arranged to he slid into mesh with the gear 17. This gear orpinion 20 might really be termed a clutch pinion inasmuch as it bears upon one side, a clutch surface 21 adapted tov cooperate with a clutch surface 22 upon the engine shaft 12. The gears, 18, 19 and 20 are arranged to move axially of the shaft 9, which is of substantially square cross sectional area to prevent When the parts are in position shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, it is apparentthat all of the gears are out of mesh and even though the engine shaft 12 be running, no motion will be transmitted to the transverse or driven shaft 5 though the countershaft 11 with its supported gears will be rotated through the inter-meshing gear14c and pinion 13. If the yoke 23 is shifted toward the left (as regards Fig. 2) the gear 18 will be thrown into mesh with the gear 15, and obviously, the main shaft 9 will be driven at a speed relatively lower than that of the engine shaft. If the yoke 23 be moved to the right, the gear 19 will be thrown into mesh with gear 16, the gears 15, 18 being at the same time disengaged. This position of the parts will give a slightly increased speed to the shaft 9. Now, if the gears 15, 16, 18 and 19 are disengaged, and the yoke 24 is thrown to the left, the clutch pinion 20 will be engaged with. the gear 17 and the shaft 9 will be driven at a still greater rate of speed.

'hen it is desired to drive the shaft 9 directly from the engine shaft and at the same speed, the clutch pinion 20 is shifted to the right and the clutch parts 21, 22 are brought into engagement. Thus, it will be seen, that by shifting the several gears along the shaft 9 it is possible to secure four different speeds of the shaft 9, which speeds will be transmitted to the transverse shaft through the bevel gear and pinion 7 and 8.

T o secure a reverse direction of movementof the shaft 9, a pinion 25 mounted upon a swinging lever 26'is arranged to be thrown into position to mesh with and form an intermediate gear between the gears 15, 18. This lever 26 is pivoted as at 27 and is connected at its end through a universal joint 28, with a short link 29 which is pivotally attached to the enlarged end of a sleeve 30 bearing at its outer end and without the easin a gear segment 31. Arranged concentrically with relation to this sleeve 30 are sleeve 32 and shaft 33, the former hearing at its inner end a gear segment 34 which meshes with a sliding rack bar 35, to which is secured the yoke 24:. At its outer end the sleeve 32 bears a segment 36. The shaft 33 bears at its inner end a gear segment 37, meshing with a sliding rack bar 38 to which is secured the yoke 23, and at its outer end a gear segment 39. All the several concentric parts are mounted in a suitable bearing formed in the casing the several gears is dependent upon their rotation. Obviously, when the gear segment 2 and the position of.

39 is rotated in one, direction, the yoke 23 will be moved to the left and cause engageright, the

' upon a frame ment of the slow speed gears 18 and15. When moved to the right the gears 19 and 16 willbe thrown into engagement uponthe disengagement of the gears, 15, 18. IVhen the segment 36 is moved in one direction, the yoke 24 will be moved toward the left causing engagement of the "clutch pinion 20 and gear 17, and when moved to the shaft 9 will be directly connected wit-h the engine shaft 12. When the segment 31 is rotated in one direction, the lever 26 will be rocked by the movement of link 29 and sleeve 30 to throw the intermediate pinion 25 into mesh with the gear 18 and pinion 15, thus changing the direction of move ment of the shaft 9 as regards shaft 11. Obviously, when the segment 31 is moved. in the opposite direction, the pinion .25 will be thrown out of engagement.

In .Figs. 1, 2, 4, 6, '7, and 8, there is shown a controlling mechanism for determining the movement of the segments 31, 36 and 39 and the consequent position of the several parts of the change gear mechanism. In these figures, the numeral 40 denotes a controlling handle which is suit-ably pivoted 41 through aswiveling pivot 42, which permits a movement of the controlling handle in two transverse planes. This controlling handle bears at its lower end a gear segment 43 adapted to mesh with either one .or'the other of the gear segments 31, 36 and 39. This gear segment isembraced by a lock bolt 44 arranged to slide in a suitable guide-way formed in the support 41 and provided with locking teeth 45, 46, adapted to be slid between the teeth of the gear segments 3136 and 39 as the controlling handle 40 is shifted to cause engagement of the segment 43 and segments 31, 36 and 39. It will be noted, that while the locking teeth 45 and 46, are arranged in the same line, a space is left between them suflicient to permit movement of whichever of the segments 31, 36 and 39 are engagedby the segment 43.

From the. above it will be seen that all parts of the mechanism are locked against movement except the particular one which is selected to bemoved to give any of the required speeds either forward or reverse.

The upper end of the controlling handle 40 is embraced by a slotted guide plate 47, provided with a series of parallel guides connected by a transverse opening of sufficient width to permit the passage of the controlsling handle when moved inone direction of its movement. I

When the controlling handle 40 is in the position shown in Fig. 4, all of the gears are A thrown out of mesh as shownin Fig. 2." If the handle 40 is moved upon the pivot and thrown in to the channel 48 and thrown to the leftas regards Fig. 4,'the gear 18 and pinion 15 will be thrown into mesh giving .vided at a slow speed of the shaft 9.' If thrown to the right, the gears 18, 19 will be thrown int-o mesh giving an increased speed. If thrown into the channel 49 and moved to the left, the clutch pinion 20 and gear 17 will be engaged, and if thrown to the right in-this channel", the main shaft 9 and motor shaft 12 will be directly connected. Spring stops 50 are provided in each of these channels for holding the lever when it has been once thrown to the limit of its travel. When it is desired to change the direction of movement cfthe shaft 9 by throwing in the intermediate pinion 25, the controlling handle 40 is shifted into. the channel 51 and moved to the left. A latch 52 is provided which prevents the movement of the lever 40. into the.

guide 51 until the latch has been moved. This insures proper .use of the reversinggear. 7

To insure the pro-per use of the change speed mechanism with relation to the speed of the motor shaft, an, interlock is provided between the controlling handle andaclutch -it is apparent from the arrangement of the parts that whenever the controlling lever 40 is shifted to its normal position throwing out all of the several gears, the clutch.55 will be disengaged. Thus, whenever a changeis made from one speed to another. the clutch will be thrown out at the instant of engagement of any of the sets of gears. This israther'essential when the device is used upon a self propelled vehicle to insure easy engagement of the gears and prevent. fracture of the parts In Fig. 5 there is shown a modified form of interlock which necessitates the throwing. of the clutch by the independent lever 59 before the controlling lever 40 can be moved from its normal position. In devices of this sort the gear teeth are very often chipped and broken or worn away to a great extent by the 'slippingactionas they come into engagement, and where a full number of teeth is provided, extending across the entire face of the gear, gagement of the sliding gears when they are running at comparativelyhigh speeds. providing a shroud, or cutting away the ends-of'the alternate teeth, a greater space is provided which insures quick engagement of the gears as they are slid into mesh, and obviously, when one of, the teeth is engaged,

it is morefdifiicult to cause en- Of course, a shroud may be proposit-ion.

either or both sides of a gear de such parts and the main driving pinion, 63. ,The shaft 11 in this'case is" squared for a pendent upon its use, it only being. essential that shrouds be used on the opposing sides of the two m'ating gears. The number. of teeth in the shroud is entirely immaterial,

and in lieu-of a shroud, the ends of the al-- ternate teeth on a gear may be cut away though it is preferred to use a ShI'Olldi.f0I'- the purposes of hardening and renewal.

In Fig. 9 of the drawings there is shown a slightly modified formvof gear mechanism.-

'In this form of the device, the frame 1, cas

ing 2, shafts 9, 11, 12 and '5, have the same relative position and carry the same number of gears. In fact, the only change in arrangement'is' in the clutch pinion 61 and operating yoke 62, the gears intermeshing with portion of its length as at 64, and upon this squared portion is mounted a gear 65, which, through a yoke member 66 secured to and moving with the yoke member 62, may be ,tween "the motorishaft and shaft 9, ispre v moved axially of the shaft 11. The motor shaft 12 is provided with 'a driving pinion 63, provided with one member of a clutch,

67, adapted to be engaged by a second clutch member 68', moving, with the clutch pinion 61.] Obviously, from this arrangement of the parts, when it is desired to drive the main shaft .9 at the same speed as the motor shaft 12, the yoke 62 will be .shifted to the right 'to cause engagement of the clutch members 67, 68, and, at the same time,-the

gear 65 will be movedout of engagement with the pinion, 63. Thus, all of the parts of the mechanism exce t those upon the main driving shaft. 9, will remain Idle and at rest.v The advantages of such an arrangement are apparent, and in fact, this form of mechanism for securing a direct drive beferred to that shown in Fig. 2 aswear and friction are reduced and the number of rotating partsis reduced to a minimum. 7

It will be obvious-that my invention can be embodied in. variousforms and constructions, other than those shown and described herein, wherefore the invention is not to be restricted to the particular form and consubject tovarious modifications .in detail and struction shown and described,-but may be arrangement within theyterms of my claims :as hereinafter set forth? What I do claim as m invention and desire to secure by Letters 1 atent-is.

d 1. v In combination in a change s eed mech-- anism, a driving shaft, a driven s aft, mechanism for clutching said drivingshaft to'sa-id .driven shaft,"transmitting means for imparting a plurality of different speeds from said driving shaft to said driven shaft including gears sliding upon the driven shaft,

and means for shifting said gears means whereby the speed'of the drivenshaft may be changed-directly to any speed relative to driven shafts.

3. The combination in a change speed mechan sm, a driving shaft and a driven .shaft arranged in the same axial line and adapted for independent movement, change gears carried upon said driven and said driving shafts for giving two forward' drives, transmitting means cooperating with said gears, means for movin 'said gears'axially, relative toeach other, or bringing the same into operation, and a clutch mechanism for directly connecting vsaid driving and 4:. In combination in a change speed mechanism, a drivingshaft, a gear borne upon said shaft, a countershaft, a. gear borne upon the countershaft and meshing with'the gear upon the driving shaft, a driven shaft operatively arranged with relation to the driving shaft and provided with a clutch, mechanism adapted to clutch it directly to said shaft, and intermediate gears borne upon the driven shaft and countershaft, means for moving certain. of said gears whereby the speed of the driven shaft maybe changed directly to any speed relation to the driving shaft without passing through intermediate speed positions. 4

5. In combination in a change speed mech anism, a driving shaft, driven shaft and countershaft, a casing incl'osing said shafts and forming a support therefor, gearing intermediate of the driving shaft and counter H shaft adapted to drive said countershaft at a,const'ant speed-relatively to the driving.

shaft, change-speed gears mounted upon and rotating with said" countershaft, sliding gears arranged upon the driven shaft, means for shifting their position to engage one or the other. of the gears upon the countershaft in any desired selective order, and means intermediate of the driving and driven shafts for forming a direct connection between I them when the sliding gears areout of mesh with their mating gears. I 6. In combination in a change speed mechanism, a driving shaft, ldriven shaft and 1a countershaft, gears'secured't'o said countershaft, a, gear on the driving shaft, gears mounted upon the driven shaft and adaptedto have an axial movement thereon,

means for moving said gears axially on said shaft, whereby they may be thrown into position to engage in any desiredsequence one or the other of the gears upon the countershaft, and means for directly connecting the driving shaft and driven shaft, whereby they will be driven at the same speed when the sliding gears are" out of mesh with their mating gears.

7 In combination in a change speed mechanism, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a supporting casing, countershaft and transverse shaft operatively arranged with relation to each other and borne in said sup porting casing, intermeshing gears arranged upon said shafts and adapted by their position to determine the relative rotation of the transverse shaft and the driving shaft, bearings for supporting said casing upon the transverse shaft, means for supporting'the casing and transverse shaft at two points adjacent to said shaft, and a universal hearing for supporting the opposite end of the casing.

8. In combination in a change speed mechanism, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a gear upon said driving shaft, gears slidably mounted upon said driven shaft, a countershaft, gears borne upon said countershaft and adapted to be engaged by the sliding gears of the driven shaft, movable yokes for sliding said gears, concentric shafts and sleeves for moving said 'yokes, and means for imparting rotation to said concentric members.

9. In combination in a change speed mechanism, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, and a countershaft, gears secured to said countershaft, axially movable gears arranged upon the driven shaft and adapted to engage the gears of the countershaft, a driving pinion upon the driving shaft, a sliding gear mounted upon the countershaft, means for positively moving said gear into and out of engagement with the gear of the driving shaft, and a clutch adapted to positively unite the driving and driven shafts, when the sliding gear of the countershaft is thrown out of mesh with its mating pinion. 10. The combination in a change speed mechanism, with driving and driven shafts, and gears for varying the relative speeds thereof, of means for varying the position of the gears, said means including an operating handle mounted upon a' swiveling pivot, a gear segment borne upon said handle, a plurality of segmental gears cotiperating with said gear segment, and a locking bolt adapted to be moved by said segment and provided with a tooth adapted to engage and prevent movement of all but one of the segments.

11. The combination in a 'changespeed mechanism, with driving and driven shafts, andgears for varying the relative rotation of means for controlling the including segmental rack bars actuated an operating one of said shafts, position of said gears gears and movable through said segmental gears, handle adapted by its position to move or the other of said segmental gears, handle bein mounted upon a. swiveling pivot, where y a movement is permitted in two planes transverse to each other.

12. In combination in a change speed mechanism, a driving shaft and driven shaft, a driving gear for the former, a plurality of intermediate gears including a reversing gear, and means for driving said driven shaft from anyone of said intermediate gears in any sequence 7 13. In combination in a change speed mechanism, avdriving shaft, a driven shaft, a plurality of transmission gears mounted to slide thereon, a countershaft, a plurality of intermediate gears fixed to said countersaid shaft, and means for sliding said transmission gears, said transmission gears and said intermediate gears being constructed and arranged relative to each other so that said intermediate gears may engage in any order of selection and drive respectively but singly the said transmission gears, and means to couple said driven shaft directly to said driving shaft.

w 14. Transmission mechanism for motor vehicles, the same comprising a driving member, a driven shaft, a plurality of transmission gears mounted to slide thereon and a plurality of intermediate gears arranged at one side of said shaft, said transmission gears and said intermediate gears being constructed and arranged relative to each other, so that said .intermediate gears may be caused to engage respectively inany order of'selection but singly the said transmission gears ate gears being driven by said driving memher, and means to couple said driven shaft directly to said driving member.

'15. Transmission mechanism for motor vehicles, the same comprising a driving memberfa driven shaft, a plurality of trans-l mission gears mounted to slide thereon," and a plurality of intermediate gears arranged at one side of said shaft to engage respectively but singly'the said transmission gears, means for selecting any of saidtransmission gears for engagement, said intermediate gears'being driven by said driving member, and means to. couple said driven shaft directly to said driving member through a part embodying a transmissiongear.

16.. Transmission mechanism for motor vehicles, the same comprising a'driving gear, a driving clutch and its movable member connected with and to drive the same, said intermediand to rotate said driving.

gear, a driven shaft alined axiallywith said on said driven shaft, 1

a countershaft parallel with said driven shaft, and gears fixed thereon driven by said drivinggear and for engagement respectively with the said transmission gears, and a reversing gear also driven from said countershaft and for engagement with a transmission gear.

17. The combination of the motor, the fixed and movable clutch members therefor, the driving gear connected with one of said clutch members to rot-ate therewith and to permit relative axial movement thereof, a driven shaft axially alined with said driving gear, a transverse shaft, and a casing supporting the same in common with said driving gear and driven shaft, means to couple the said gear and driven shaft to cause the two to rotate in unison and directly drive said driven shaft, and means alsoto drive said driven shaft from said driving gear ata different speed.

18. In a motor vehicle, the motor, clutch, driving gear and driven shaft all axially alined, means to drive said driven shaft from i said driving gear at the same and-also at different speeds, a jack-shaft arranged at an angle with said driven shaft and connected directly thereto, and vehicle driving,

wheels connected with and driven from said jack-shaft.

19. In a motor vehicle, a motor, its clutch and operating means therefor, transmission mechanism to transmit the motive power at the motor speed or at one or more speeds at variance therewith, operating means therefor movable independently of said clutchoperating means, and means connecting said clutch-operating means and transmissionoperating means for enforcing release of the clutch before change of. transmission.

20. In a motor vehicle, a motor, its clutch and operating means therefor, transmission mechanism to transmit the motive power at the motor speed or at one or more speeds at variance therewith, operating means therefor movable independently of said clutch-operating means, and means for enforcing predetermined position of the transmission-operating means before throwing in of the clutch.

21. Transmission mechanism for motor vehicles, the same comprising, a driving member, an independently rotatable driven shaft, a plurality of. transmission gears mounted to slide thereon independently of each other, and a plurality of intermediate gears arranged at one side of said shaft to engage respectively but singly the said transmission gears, said intermediate gears being driven by said driving member, and means to couple said driven shaft directly to said driving member.

22. The combination with the motor and its balance wheel constituting one clutch member, a cooperating movable clutch member, and spring-actuated means to press the latter normally into frictional engagement with said wheel, a driving gear connected to rotate with said movable clutch member, upon and'relative to which said movable clutch member has axial movement, a driven shaft driven by said driving gear, and means to vary the driven shaft speed including longitudinal sliding gears interdependent upon'the spring actuating means of said clutch member.

23. In a motor vehicle, a motor, a transmitting mechanism provided with a slidable transmission member having three or more operative positions for providing varying speeds, operating means therefor, a clutch interposed between said motor and said transmission mechanism, clutch-operating means therefor, and means connecting said clutch-operating means and said transmission-operating means for enforcing release of the clutch when said slidable member passes from one position to another.

24. In combination in ;a change speed mechanism, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a countershaft in fixed relation to said driving and driven shafts, and operative gearing on said shafts, an inclosing casing, a bearing in said casing for one end of the driven shaft, the other bearing for said driven shaft being within the driving shaft bearing. p

25. In combination in a change speed mechanism, a driving shaft and a driven shaft operatively arranged, an inclosing casing, a bearing in said casing for one end of one of said shafts, the other end of said shaft bearing, a countershaft in fixed relation to said driving and driven shafts, and

a plurality of gears connecting said counter shaft and driving anddriven shafts.

26. In combination in a change speed mechanism, a driving shaft and a driven shaft axially alined, a countershaft in fixed relation to said driving and driven shafts, a plurality of gears connecting said counter driving and driven shafts, an inclosing casing, a bearing in said casing for one end of the driven shaft,' the other end having a bearing within the driving shaft bearing.

27. In a change speed mechanism, a shaft having a bearing concentric with and in the plane of a second shaft bearing, a second shaft, gears mounted to slide upon the first shaft, a gear on the second shaft, intermediate' gearing", and a clutch mechanism adapted to directly? connect. the two shafts. 28. In a transmission gearing, a shaft or shaft section, a gear thereon continuously driven thereby and forming one member of a clutch, a second shaft axially alined with gear with said second shaft, one or more independent gears sliding on said second shaft, a countershaft in fixed'relation with said first named shafts and having gears there? on, and means whereby said gears are inoperative when said first named gear is directly connected with said second shaft.

29. In a'transmission mechanism for motor vehicles, a casing, a driving shaft or shaft section projecting into said casing at one side, a bearing therefor in the wall of said casing, a gear and clutch part integral with said shaft section and entirely on one side of said bearing within said casing, a driven shaft in said casing having a movable complementary clutch part, a countershaft in fixed relation to said driving and drivenshafts, and a plurality of gears on said shafts, whereby varying speeds are transmitted to said driven shaft, a shaft projecting from said casing and connected to said driven shaft.

30. In combination in a transmission mechanism, a casing, a driven shaft, a driving shaft section projecting into said casing and embodying with its inner end integrally pinion teeth and clutch elements, said shaft sectionhaving an external and an internal bearing cooperating respectively with said casing and said driven shaft, gears upon said shafts operatively arranged, and a cooperating clutch element on said driven shaft.

31. In a power transmission mechanism for motor vehicles, a casing, arms on said casing for supporting the same on the vehicle frame, a shaft or shaft section, a gear, a bearing in one wall of said casing supporting saidshaft or shaft section and said gear. ;1

a second shaft having one bearing in said first named shaft and another bearing atits opposite end in said casing, and a countershaft in operative fixed relation to said first named shafts, and a plurality of-gears on said shafts operatively arranged.

32. In a power transmission mechanism for motor vehicles, a parted casing, a driving shaft, a friction clutch for gradually applying the power t6 said driving shaft, said driving shaft projecting into one end of said casing and supported in a bearing in the wall thereof, a driven shaft or member projecting from the casing at or near the opposite end, the parting in said casing being in the plane of the axes of said driving and driven shafts, the lower section of said casing having project-ing members to support it on' the. vehicle frame, a plurality of trains of gears with axes in permanent fixed relation and a positive clutch entirely. within said casing, and means projecting beyond said casing for varying the relationsrof'sai'd gears. v

33. In a power transmission mechanism for motor vehicles, a parted casing, a driving shaft having a friction clutch connection exterior to said casing, a gear integral with or fixedly attached to said shaft interior to said casing, a frame supporting said casing,

a bearing in the interior end of said shaft, a second shaft supported in said bearing and having another bearing in the opposite end of said casing, means upon said shaft for engaging the driving shaft, a countershaft,

the axes of said shafts being in permanent fixed relation, gears'upon said shafts operatively arranged, the parting in said casing being substantially in the plane of said shafts, whereby upon removal of a part of said casing the bearings and shafts may be lifted from the other part thereof, without removing it from said vehicle frame.

34. In a variable speed gear for motor cars, the combination of three shafts whose axes are fixed relatively to one another and two of said shafts having their axes axially alined, means for coupling the two axially alined shafts, a plurality of axially movable elements, each being adapted to effect two different power-transmitting connections, a plurality of axially fixed elements, and means for axially moving said movable elements for obtaining three different geared forward drives and a direct drive.

35. In afvariable speed gear for motor cars, the combination of cooperating shafts, a plurality of fixed elements, two independently axially movable elements, means for combining said elements so that each of said movable elements effects two different powertransmitting connections and including a direct drive, means cooperating with certain of said elements for obtaining a reverse drive, and a single manipulating means for obtaining all of. the various combinations.

36. In a four-speed change and reversing gear for motor cars, two shafts, means for positively connecting said shafts for obtaining one forward speed of the car, a third shaft, gear wheels arranged on certain of said shafts for obtaining three other speeds of the car, said gear wheels comprising a pinr-ality of independently axially movable elements, each being adapted to effect. powertransmitting connections, means comprising a reversing gear for connecting a pair of said gear wheels, and a smgle manipulating device for shifting the movable elements.

37. In a change speed gear for motor cars, the combination of cooperating shafts, a plurality of axially fixed elements, two independently axially movable elements, one of said movable elements comprising twogears, and the other of said movable elements com prising means for 'efiecting' two different power-transmitting connections, means for comblnmg said axially fixed and mo "able elements, so as to obtain a plurality of geared forward speeds and a direct drive, and a smgle COIllZIOlllIlg ClGVlCG for obtaining said combmations I 38; In a motor car change gear, the com- .bination of a driving and a driven shaft axially alined, means for coupling said shafts, a third shaft parallel to said alined 5 shafts, gear wheels comprising a movable pair of spur gears on one of said shafts and another independently axially movable element, said element having means for effecting two different power-transmitting connections, means for shifting said spur gears and said movable element for obtaining two geared forwardspeeds of the'car and a direct drive, andmeans cooperatingwith said gears for. obtaining a reverse rotation.

"1 39. In a -motor car change speed mechanism, three cooperatin shafts whose axes are fixed and two of which are axially alined,

driving means comprising a plurality of axially independently movable elements for connectingsaid shafts for; giving-four for- Ward speeds of the car, each ofsaid, elements being adapted to effect two different power--v transmitting connections, and a single controlling device for obtaining the various combinations.

- +1 0. 'I'n-a motor car change speed mecha-" nism, three cooperatin' shafts whose axes are fixed and two of WhlOh are axially alined, a plurality. of axially fixed elements ineluding a clutch member, a plurality of axially independently movable elements, each ofv said movable elements being adapted to effect two different power-transmitting con- ,n'ections,'one of said movable elements hav- 36 ing; a clutch member, means for combining f said elements and clutch members to operate the car at four different forward speeds, one q ofsaid speeds being obtalne d by the direct connection of said alined shafts by said leiclutch members,- and means for obtaining a.

reverse motion of the car cooperating there- 41. In a motor car variable speed mecha:

, nism, the combination of three shafts whose ,axes are fixed and two of which areaxially v alined, and means comprising a plurality of axially independently movable elements for.

obtaining four forward speeds and a reverse motion of the car, one of said four s eeds 6'0 being secured by a direct connection 0 said alined shafts, and each of said elements being adapted to effect two'difierent'powertransmitting connections," 1 42. In a motor'car change speed mechanism,-the combination of three cooperating shafts .whose axes are fixed and two of which are axially alined, and mechanism comprising a' plurality of independently axially movable elements for cooperating with said 0 shafts to secure four forward speeds and one reverse speed of the carg each of said ele- "inents being adapted to effect two -diil'ere'nt,

g 'power-transmitting connections.

' "-43.--Ima motor car charfilge speed mechaafts, whose axes nism, three cooperating s the various combinations.

driving shaft andi'a driven shaft, arranged Inections, mechanism for effecting the several means for moving three elements thereof for obtaining three forward speeds :of the v I driv'enshaft, each different from the 's Idriven shaft as that" are fixed and two of are axially alined, means comprising axially fixed spur gears and two independently axially movable elements for obtaining two forward 1 geared drives and a direct drive, each of said elements being adapted to effect two different power transmitting connections,

gearing cooperating with certain of said three different geared drives can be obtained, 35

and mechanism for efiecting the several con-- nections; .1

45. 'In a four-speed change and reversing gear, two shafts, means for positively con-- nectmg said shafts for one forward speed, a countershaft, gear wheels arranged on. said shafts movable relatively to each other for obtaining three other forward speeds, means comprising a movable reversing pinion forconnecting one pair of gear wheels, and a single controlling; device for shifting the v movable elements.

46. In a motor vehicle change speed" gear,

the combination of two shafts, means for positively connecting said shafts for one forward speed, a 'countershaft, gear wheels arranged on certain of said shafts .forflob- 'taining three other-forward speeds, fthere' v 1 being movable elements on more than one .of said shafts, a movable reversing spur gear for connecting vone Pair of said gear wheels,

and a single controlling device =for shifting the movable elements. 47. In a motor car fol r'speed,v gear1ng',;,'a"

end to end, a clutch for connecting and disconnecting said jshaftsfa" counter-shaft, gear wheels on certain'of said shafts, .wh'ereby one direct drive andfth'ree diflerent geared drives can be obtained, there beinga plu: rality of axially movable element's, atleast a "two of said elementsbeing each adapted to effect two differentpower-transmitting conconnections so that the gear on the driven shaftris driven by said gearing only when said clutch is open, and a slngle actuat ng device for operating saidmechanism.

48, Ina motor car change speed gear, the combination of spur gears, a clutchdevlce,

eed of the driving shaft, tlga same speed 7 oftthedriving shaft,

1100i io sf 49. In a motor car change speed gear,.the

combination of spur gears, a clutch device,

- means for moving at least three elements thereof for obtaining three forward speeds I of the driven shaft each different from the speed of the driving shaft, the same speed of the driven shaft as that of the driving shaft, and a reversed speed, two of said elements each being adapted to eflect two.

different power-transmltting connections, and a single controlling device' for obtaining the various connections. I

50. In a motor car change speed gear, the combination of cooperating shafts, two of which are axially alined, gear wheels and a clutch device comprising .two independently axially movable elements, by the movement of which four differentforward speeds are obtained, three of which speeds employ gear wheels and the fourth speed employing a direct drive between said alined shafts, each of said elements being adapted to effect two different power-transmitting connections, and means coeperating with the gears used for one forward drive to secure a reverse drive.

51. In a motor car change speed gear, the combination of cooperating shafts, two of which are axially alined, gear wheels and a clutch devicecomprising two independently axially movable elements by the movement of which four difierent forward speeds are obtained, three of which speeds employ gear wheels, and the fourth speed employs a direct drive between said alined shafts, each of said elements being adapted to effect two different power transmitting connections, means cooperating with the gears used for one forward drive to secure a reverse drive, and a single controlling device for obtaining the various combinations.

52. In a motor car change speed gear, the combination of two axially alined shafts and a third shaft, power-transmitting means on said shafts comprising two axially movable elements and a third movable element, each of said movable elements comprising a gear wheel and by the movement of which three different forward speeds and one reverse speed are obtained, one of said forward. speeds being a direct drive between said alined shafts, and means for positively moving each of said two elements in both directions and so that no power-transmitting means on said third shaft is engaged when the direct drive is secured.

53. In a motor car change gear, the combination of three shafts, two of said shafts being axially alined, one or more spur gears on certain of said shafts, there being two independently axially movable elements, each of said elements being adapted to effect two different power-transmitting connections, and a single controlling means for combining the gears and coupling the alined shafts for producing three geared forward speeds and a reverse drive.

54. In a motor car change gear, the combination of shafts and gears thereon for obtaining three forward geared speeds and a direct drive, the said shafts having fixed axes, there being two axially movable elements, means whereby msaid elements are moved manually in both directions, and means cooperating therewith for obtaining a reverse movement of the car.

55. In a motor car change gear, two axially alined shafts, a third shaft whose axis is fixed relatively to said two shafts, a plufixed elements upon certain of said shafts, and a plurality of axially movable elements for obtaining a plurality of different geared forward speeds from the third shaft, and a direct drive between the axially alined shafts, at least two of said axially movable elements each being adapted to effect two difierent power-transmitting connections, means whereby said two elerality of axially ments are moved axially in both directions manually, and means cooperating therewith for obtaining a reverse movement of the car.

56. In a motor car change gear, two axiallyalined shafts, a third shaft whose axis is fixed relatively rality of spur gear wheels axially fixed upon certain of said shafts, a plurality of axially movable elements each adapted to effect two different power-transmitting connections, means for engaging said axially movable elements with corresponding fixed elements, whereby three different geared forward speeds and a direct drive are obtained, and

' means cooperating with certain of said gears for obtaining a reverse drive.

57. In a motor car change gear, the combination of cotiperating shafts, a plurality of fixed elements, two independently axially movable elements, each of said movable elements being adapted to effect two different power-transmitting connections, and means for combining said elements so as to obtain a plurality of geared speeds and a direct drlve.

58. In a motor car change gear, the combination of cooperating shafts, a plurality of fixed elements, two independently axially movable elements, each of said movable elements being adapted to effect two different power-transmitting connections, means for uniting said elements so as to obtain aplurality of geared speeds and a direct drive, and a single controlling device for obtaining the various combinations.

' 59. In a motor car change gear, the combination of cooperating shafts, a plurality of fixed gears, two independently axially to said two shafts, a plu- V bination of cooperating shafts,

movable elements,

movable elements, each movable element comprising two transmitting members, and means for. combining said gears and movable elements so as to obtain a plurality of geared speeds and a direct drive.

60. In a motor car change gear, the.combination of cooperating shafts, a plurality of fixed gears, two independently axially each movable element comprising two transmitting members, means for combining said gears and movable elements, so as to obtain .a plurality of geared speeds and a direct drive, and a single controlling device for obtaining said combinations. I r

61. In a motor car change gear, the coma plurality of fixed gears, two independently axially movable elements,

comprising two transmitting -members,

means for combiningsaid gears and movable elements so as to obtain a plurality of geared speeds and a direct drive, and means in combination with certain of-said gears for obtaining a reverse drive.

62.. In a motor car change speed gear, the

1 combination 'of cooperating shafts, a plurality of fixed gears, two independently axially movable elements, each movable element comprising two transmitting members. means for combining said gears and movable elements so as to obtain a plurality of geared speeds and a direct drive, means in combination with certain of said gears for obtaining a reverse drive, and a single controlling device for obtaining all of the various combinations.

63. In a motor car change gear, two shafts axially alined, a countershaft whose axis is fixed relatively to said alined shafts, gears on the alined shafts and on the countershaft, and means for coupling the two alined shafts so as to operateat the same speed, there being two axially movable elements, each of said elements being adapted to effect more than one power-transmitting con: nection, and means for operatively connecting the parts for obtaining a plurality of forward speeds.

64. In a motor car change gear, two shafts axially alined, a countershaft whose axis is fixed relatively to said alined shafts, gears on'the alined shafts and on the,countershaft, means for coupling the two alined shafts, so as to operate at the same speed, there being two axiallymovable elements, each of said elements being adapted to effect more than one power-transmitting connection, and a single operating device for operatively connecting the parts for obtaining a plurality of forward speeds.

65. In a motor car change gear, three shafts whose axes are fixed relatively to one another and two of which have their axes in alinement, -a plurality of axially independeach movable element comprising a spurgear and a clutch device, and the other movable element comprising two gears, cooperating spur gears on certain of said shafts, means for operatively employing said movable elements for obtain and a direct drive between said alined shafts, means cooperating wit-h certain of said gears for obtaining a reverse speed, and a single controlling device for obtaining said various combinations.

66. In a motor car change gear, the combination of two axially alined shafts, means for coupling said shafts to rotate at the same speed, a third shaft whose axis is fixed relatively thereto, spur gears on said third, shaft,

of said elements comprising two transmitting members, and means for operatively connecting each of said elements so that one of said spur gear wheels on one element. is out of mesh when the other spur gear wheel on the same element is in mesh.

67 In a motor car change gear, the combination of two axially alined shafts, means for coupling them to rotate at the same speed, a third shaft whose axis is fixed relatively thereto, four spur gears on said third shaft, a plurality of spur gears on said axially alined shafts, means for axially and spur gears for obtaining three forward cooperating therewith for obtaining a reverse speed, and a single controlling device for obtaining the various combinations.

68. In combination in a change speed mechanism. a driving shaft and gear, adriven shaft in axial alinement, a plurality of gears on said driven shaft of relative sizesincreasing in the order of their position from the driving shaft, a single countershaft, gears fixed on said countershaft respectively complementary to the gears on by'any one of said train of gears on the driven shaft may be moved into and out of engagement with its complementary gear on the countershaft.

69. In combination in a change speed of sliding gears within'said caslng to vary driven shaft within said casing a plurality the speed of the driven shaft, gears coently movable elements, one of said elements mg two forward geared speeds of the car,

the driving and driven shafts, means WhQIQ'.

mechanism for motor vehicles, vehicle the shaft extending from said casing, means to directly couple the driving shaft andtwo independently movable elements, eachindependently moving at least two of said geared speeds, means comprising a spur gear driven shafts, two longitudinally reciprocating rods having connections with the longitu inally sliding elements on the driven shaft, operating means adapted to move said rods longitudinally, and means for selecting and operating but one of said rods at a time.

This specification signed and witnessed 2 this 27th day of January, A. D. 1902.

FRED A. v LAW.

-In the presence of HENRY L. SMITH, ARTHUR N. MANROSS.- 

